OBJCS HUBS
عدد الخيارات في هذه العجلة: 125
- utline the function of selected sensory receptors in skin
- Understand how skin blood flow can be controlled
- Describe the structure and function of eccrine sweat glands and their role in thermoregulation
- Understand basic mechanisms of heat transfer
- Understand ‘core body temperature’ and how this is monitored
- Explain mechanisms for heat loss and heat conservation/ generation
- Be aware of the physiological consequences of severe burns
- Describe the general organisation of the cardiovascular system
- Orientate the heart within the thorax
- Describe the chambered structure of the heart and relate this to the pumping action of the organ
- Understand the layers of the heart wall
- Describe the heart valves & relate this to the flow of blood through the heart chambers
- Identify the vessels of the cardiac circulation
- Compare and contrast the structural features of cardiac muscle with that of skeletal muscle
- Compare the structure and function of cardiac muscle and conduction cells
- Name the major arteries and veins (from the heart to the foot and back to the heart)
- Describe the layered structure of blood vessels
- Compare the structures of arteries (supply) with that of veins (drainage)
- Describe the structure of blood capillaries and contrast it with that of arteries and veins
- Describe, giving examples, the 3 different types of blood capillaries
- Name the major components of the lymph vascular system
- Describe the structure of lymph capillaries
- Understand the basic design of the cardiovascular system and why the heart is two pumps 'in series'
- Briefly describe the cellular basis of contraction and relaxation
- Define the cardiac cycle and identify its main phases, defining terms "systole" and "diastole"
- Identify key aspects of the blood pressure wave
- State the main differences between contractile and electrical cells of the heart
- Describe the conduction pathway of the heart
- Know the key parts of the ECG trace
- Describe the electrical and mechanical events that occur in the heart during the cardiac cycle
- Define Cardiac output and identify its two major determinants
- Understand how cardiac output can affect arterial blood pressure
- Understand how the arterial and nervous systems communicate to maintain blood pressure
- Understand "the distribution of cardiac output" (where it goes)
- Understand how blood flow is controlled
- Define vascular compliance and contrast compliances between arteries and veins
- Understand how venous valves and tissue tone counteract venous pooling
- Describe Starling's law of the heart and how it relates to venous return
- Describe in general terms the three key functions of the blood and its major component
- Understand the functions of the blood stem cells (hemocytoblasts) and how they contribute to the blood cell formation
- Describe the role of erythropoietin in the production of red blood cells
- Describe the structures of the respiraoty system and state their functions
- Describe the structures of the upper respiratory tract
- Describe the epithelia of the upper respiratory tract
- Describe the structures of the lower respiratory tract
- Describe how the structure of the lower respiratory tract varies along its length
- Describe the anatomical features of the lungs
- Describe the structure of the alveoli where gas exchange occurs, including the structure of the alveolar wall and the gas exchange barrier
- Describe the key anatomical features of the thoracic cavity, including the joints, muscles and pleural membranes
- Explain the relationship between pressure and volume fr gas and how this related to breathing.
- Describe how the anatomical features facilitate changes of the volume of the thorax
- Describe the anatomical mechanism of breathing
- Use Boyles law to describe how we can inhale and exhale
- Describe the two opposing forces that must be overcome to take a breath
- Identify the volumes and capacities on a spirometry trace
- Define the terms respiratory minute volume, dead space, and alveolar ventilation
- Describe the three key factors that determine diffusion rate across the blood air barrier
- Identify the three determinants of alveolar oxygen pressure
- Describe how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported in the blood
- Describe a haemoglobin binding curve and explain why its shape helps to deliver oxygen to the tissues that need it most